A new study published in the journal Diabetes Care has determined that exercising in the afternoon is more effective for the management of blood sugar levels for individuals diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. The research was conducted by the Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders at Brigham and Women’s Hospital in collaboration with Joslin Diabetes Center. Over 2,400 individuals who were overweight and suffering from type 2 diabetes, participated in the study where their physical activity levels were tracked over a four-year period. Participants wore a waist accelerometry recording device which measured physical activity.
According to the journal study, individuals who participated in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity had the most significant positive outcome in reducing their blood sugar levels in the afternoon during the first year of the study. These results were upheld in the fourth year of the study whereby those participants who exercised in the afternoon sustained a reduction in blood glucose levels and were most likely able to stop taking glucose-lowering diabetes medications.
Type 2 diabetes occurs when the body becomes resistant to insulin or fails to produce enough insulin. It is prevalent in older adults, obese people, and those with a family history of the illness. The disease is associated with complications such as heart disease, kidney disease, nerve damage, and premature death. Therefore, it is essential to maintain blood glucose levels within a healthy range to minimize risk.
The Harvard School of Public Health defines moderate aerobic activity as brisk walking, using a power mower to mow the lawn, or playing badminton recreationally. Vigorous activities include a brisk hike, jogging at a fast pace, playing basketball or soccer, or cycling at a fast pace for an extended period. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommend moderate aerobic activity that allows for conversation without being able to sing.
The study’s findings suggest that the timing of physical activity is crucial for diabetic patients to minimize complications. The authors, however, acknowledge the study’s limitations. The study did not examine participants' sleep or diet, which can all affect glucose levels, and more research is necessary to determine any definitive recommendations.
Dr. Lucy Chambers, head of research communications at Diabetes UK, emphasizes that regular moderate-to-vigorous physical activity at any time is essential for people with type 2 diabetes to reduce their blood glucose levels and prevent diabetes-related complications. People with type 2 diabetes should focus on finding an exercise they enjoy and can incorporate into their routine in the long-term, whether it is before work, during a lunch break, or in the evening.
In conclusion, the study’s findings suggest that engaging in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity in the afternoon may be the most effective strategy to reduce blood glucose levels for individuals diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. Nevertheless, consistent physical activity, at any time of the day, is fundamental in managing diabetes and its associated complications. Further research and evidence may uncover personalized recommendations for diabetic patients.